Ejderha: dragon EN[1]fromPE ajdahāk/ajdahā أژدهاك/أژدها İran mitolojisinde efsanevi yılan-kral, dragon oldPE aji-dahāk yılan-kral, Dahak from Avesta aji-dahāka aji yılan IE *eghi-/*angʷhi-
The root in persian came from "ajd" (dragon=ejderha) which means "snake", but the turkish dragon "evran", rooted from "evr" which means to turn, to evolve
ejdehā [ Aşık Paşa, Garib-name (1330) ]
ejderhā [ Dede Korkut Kitabı (1400 yılından önce) : Yedi başlu ejderhaya yetüp vardum ]
ejder [ Selanikli Mustafa Âli (1600 yılından önce) ]
Canavar: monster EN[2] fromPE cānvar جانور canlı yaratık, her çeşit hayvan → can, +aver
canver "canlı yaratık" [ Atebet-ül Hakayık (1300 yılından önce) ]
canver vulg. canavar "hayvan, özellikle yabani hayvan, domuz" [ Meninski, Thesaurus (1680) ]
KTü: [ Codex Cumanicus, 1303]
animal [hayvan]: tinle [tinli, i.e. canlı], ianauar (...) bestia - Fa: ayuan - Tr: yanauar.
[ Meninski, Thesaurus, 1680]
cānver vul. canavar: Animal, fera, & pec. aper. [hayvan, yabani hayvan, özellikle yaban domuzu]
fromPE cānvar/cānāvar جانور canlı yaratık, her çeşit hayvan → can, +aver
öcü: ogre, orc, ghoul EN [3] TTü: [ Müstakimzade, Kanunü'l-Edeb terc., 1769]
ol şeydir ki oğlancıkları anıŋla korkuturlar, lisan-i sıbyanda aŋa böcü derler.
<< TTü böcü umacı, korkutucu mahluk < çoc
gulyabani: [ Meninski, Thesaurus, 1680] ġūl-i biyābān. fromPE ġūl-i yābānī غول يابانى bir efsane yaratığı, kurt adam fromAR ġūl غول [#ġwl] a.a. PE yābānī يابانى vahşi, barbar
dev: giant EN[4] [ Aşık Paşa, Garib-name, 1330]
χalḳuŋ ol yidinci cinsi dīv-durur / kūh-i ḳaf mülki bulara īv-durur [yaratılmışların yedinci cinsi devlerdir, Kaf Dağı bunların evidir]
[ Meninski, Thesaurus, 1680] dīv: Diabolus, daemon, gigas [iblis, cin, dev].
fromPE/olsPE dēv ديو İran mitolojisinde kötü ruhlu efsane yaratığı, iblis << EFa daiva- a.a. ≈ Ave daēva- Zerdüşt inancında kötülük tanrısı, iblis IE *deiwos tanrı IE *dyeus gün, güneş, güneş tanrısı
Sanskrit deva- देव = Lat deus "tanrı" = oldGR Zeus "güneş tanrısı". Zerdüşt inancında daēva adı verilen eski çağ tanrıları yenilgiye uğrayıp Ehrimen'in yönettiği kötülük tanrılarına dönüşmüştür.
[1] dragon (n.) early 13c., from Old French dragon, from Latin draconem (nominative draco) "huge serpent, dragon," from Greek drakon (genitive drakontos) "serpent, giant seafish," apparently from drak-, strong aorist stem of derkesthai "to see clearly," from PIE *derk- "to see." Perhaps the literal sense is "the one with the (deadly) glance."
The young are dragonets (14c.). Obsolete drake "dragon" is an older borrowing of the same word. Used in the Bible to translate Hebrew tannin "a great sea-monster," and tan, a desert mammal now believed to be the jackal.
sea-monster (n.) 1580s, from sea + monster. Sea serpent is attested from 1640s. In Old English a sea-monster might be called sædraca "sea dragon," or sædeor.
[2] monster (n.) early 14c., "malformed animal or human, creature afflicted with a birth defect," from Old French monstre, mostre "monster, monstrosity" (12c.), and directly from Latin monstrum "divine omen, portent, sign; abnormal shape; monster, monstrosity," figuratively "repulsive character, object of dread, awful deed, abomination," from root of monere "to admonish, warn, advice," from PIE *moneyo-, suffixed (causative) form of root *men- (1) "to think."
Abnormal or prodigious animals were regarded as signs or omens of impending evil. Extended by late 14c. to imaginary animals composed of parts of creatures (centaur, griffin, etc.). Meaning "animal of vast size" is from 1520s; sense of "person of inhuman cruelty or wickedness" is from 1550s. As an adjective, "of extraordinary size," from 1837. In Old English, the monster Grendel was an aglæca, a word related to aglæc "calamity, terror, distress, oppression."
chimera (n.) fabulous monster of Greek mythology, slain by Bellerophon, late 14c., from Old French chimere or directly from Medieval Latin chimera, from Latin Chimaera, from Greek khimaira, name of a mythical fire-breathing creature, slain by Bellerophon, with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a dragon's tail; literally "year-old she-goat" (masc. khimaros), from kheima "winter season," from PIE root *gheim- "winter."
Supposedly a personification of snow or winter, but the connection to winter might be no more than the ancient habit of reckoning years as "winters." It was held by the ancients to represent a volcano; perhaps it was a symbol of "winter storms" (another sense of Greek kheima) and generally of destructive natural forces. The word was used generically for "any grotesque monster formed from parts of other animals;" hence the figurative meaning "wild fantasy" first recorded 1580s in English (13c. in French).
Beestis clepid chymeres, that han a part of ech beest, and suche ben not, no but oonly in opynyoun. [Wyclif, "Prologue"]
[3] ogre (n.) "man-eating giant," 1713, hogre (in a translation of a French version of the Arabian Nights), from French ogre, first used in Perrault's "Contes," 1697, and perhaps formed by him from Italian orco "demon, monster," from Latin Orcus "Hades," perhaps via an Italian dialect. In English, more literary than colloquial.
The conjecture that it is from Byzantine Ogur "Hungarian" or some other version of that people's name (perhaps via confusion with the bloodthirsty Huns), lacks historical evidence. Related: Ogrish; ogrishness.
orc (n.) "ogre, devouring monster," Old English orcþyrs, orcneas (plural), perhaps from a Romanic source akin to ogre, and ultimately from Latin Orcus "Hell," a word of unknown origin. Revived by J.R.R. Tolkien (1892-1973) as the name of a brutal race in Middle Earth.But Orcs and Trolls spoke as they would, without love of words or things; and their language was actually more degraded and filthy than I have shown it. ["Return of the King," 1955]
ghoul (n.) 1786, goul, in the English translation of William Beckford's Orientalist novel "Vathek" (which was written in French), from Arabic ghul, an evil spirit that robs graves and feeds on corpses, from ghala "he seized."
In þat tyme wer here non hauntes Of no men bot of geauntes. [Wace's Chronicle, c. 1330]
It replaced Old English ent, eoten, also gigant (from Latin). The Greek word was used in Septuagint to refer to men of great size and strength, hence the expanded use in modern languages; in English of very tall and unusually large persons from 1550s; of persons who have any quality in extraordinary degree from 1530s. As a class of stars, from 1912. As an adjective from early 15c. Giant-killer is from 1726.