Kalleş: treacher , cheat, EN[1] [ Ömer b. Mezîd, Mecmuatü'n-nezâir, 1437] Bize helvā koyalar mı müflis u ḳallāşlar From FA ḳallāş قلّاش kurnaz, kandırıcı
Kurnaz: crafty, cunning, shrewd EN [2][ Meninski, Thesaurus, 1680] ḳurnās قرناس: (turc. pers.) Nasutulus & vafer, pessimae indolis [hilekâr, ahlaksız] ... uti & ḳarnal قرنال: Leno propriae uxoris [kendi karısını pazarlayan, pezevenk][ Ahmed Vefik Paşa, Lugat-ı Osmani, 1876] ḳurnaz, ḳurnaş: mekkâr [dolandırıcı], yahud ḳarn manasından boynuzlu, hīlekâr.[ Şemseddin Sami, Kamus-ı Türki, 1900] Kurnaz قورناز ı: 1. hilekâr, mekkâr, dessas, 2. aldanmaz, uyanık, zeyrek.
Korkak: coward EN KipcakTR[4]: [ Ebu Hayyan, Kitabu'l-İdrak, 1312] korkak: al-χawwāf oldTR korkak çok korkan oldTR kork- o +Ak → kork-
[1] Prick, piker, heel, treacher, rat , treacherous, perfidious , fickle , a snake in the grass, backstabbe, sucker .
treacherous (adj.) early 14c., from Old French trecheros, tricheros "deceitful" (12c.), from trecheor, tricheor "cheat, deceiver, liar, impostor, trickster," agent noun from trechier, trichier "to cheat, trick" (see trick (n.)). Figuratively, of things, from c. 1600. Related: Treacherously; treacherousness. Middle English had treacher "deceiver, cheat, traitor."
treachery (n.) "treasonable or perfidious conduct," c. 1200, from Old French trecherie, tricherie "deceit, cheating, trickery, lies" (12c.), from trechier "to cheat, deceive" (see trick (n.)).
[2] shrewd (adj.) c. 1300, "wicked, evil," from shrewe "wicked man" (see shrew). Compare crabbed from crab (n.), dogged from dog (n.), wicked from witch (n.). The sense of "cunning" is first recorded 1510s. Related: Shrewdly; shrewdness. Strutt's "Sports and Pastimes of the People of England" (1801) has a shrewdness of apes for a company or group of them. Shrewdie "cunning person" is from 1916.
[3] coward (n.) mid-13c., from Old French coart "coward" (no longer the usual word in French, which has now in this sense poltron, from Italian, and lâche), from coe"tail," from Latin coda, popular dialect variant of cauda "tail," which is of uncertain origin + -ard, an agent noun suffix denoting one that carries on some action or possesses some quality, with derogatory connotation (see -ard).
The word probably reflects an animal metaphoric sense still found in expressions like turning tail and tail between legs. Coart was the name of the hare in Old French versions of "Reynard the Fox." Italian codardo, Spanish cobarde are from French.
The identification of coward & bully has gone so far in the popular consciousness that persons & acts in which no trace of fear is to be found are often called coward(ly) merely because advantage has been taken of superior strength or position .... [Fowler]
As a surname (attested from 1255) it represents Old English cuhyrde "cow-herd." Farmer has coward's castle "a pulpit,""Because a clergyman may deliver himself therefrom without fear of contradiction or argument."
[4] Other Turkish words of Kipcak Turkish boyar, çilek, sabo, ülkü