Siper: [ Mesud b. Ahmed, Süheyl ü Nevbahar terc., 1354]
Bilinde silāḥ u siper götürür
fromPersian sipar/ispar سپر/إسپر kalkan oldPersian spar a.a.
Çukur: CumanTR: [ Codex Cumanicus, 1303]; fossatus [hendek] - TR: čugurKTü: [ Ebu Hayyan, Kitabu'l-İdrak, 1312]
Çukur: al-ḥafra from oldTR çukur hendek, oyuk oldTR çok-/çokı- delmek, oymak, (kuş) gagalamak +Ir oy|mak
oldTR: [ Kaşgarî, Divan-i Lugati't-Türk, 1073]; ol ḳaġun oydı [[kavunun içini boşalttı]] from oldTR oy- boşaltmak, çukur açmak. Çakı: knife EN
from Persian çāḳū چاقو bıçak (knife of all types) possibly related to oldTR çak- vurmak
Barikat: barikad [ Sahak Paşa Abro, Avrupa'da Meşhûr Ministroların Tercüme-i Hâlleri, 1855]
fromFR barricade[1] Paris'te 1588 ihtilali esnasında asilerin büyük fıçıları toprak ve taş doldurarak yaptığı mevzilere verilen ad, her çeşit derme çatma korunak from FR barrique fıçı, varil ; barrel EN
Varil: barrel EN[2][ Filippo Argenti, Regola del Parlare Turco, 1533]
varél: charratello [küçük fıçı][ Seydi Ali Reis, Miratü'l-Memalik, 1557]
cümle halk ˁuryān olup ve kimi varel ve kimi tulum hāzırlayup
fromIT baríl/barrile küçük fıçı TR; small barrel, keg. OLat barriculus [dim.] from oldLatin barrica fıçı
Hendek:χandaḳ [ Borovkov ed., Orta Asya'da Bulunmuş ... Kuran Tefsiri, 1300] [ Cafer Efendi, Risale-i Mi'mâriyye, 1614] χandaḳ (Arabic), Arabīdir,Türkīde baˁzı avam galat edip hendek هندك derler
~ Ar χandaḳ خندق [#χndḳ q.] ark, kanal oldPersian kandak كندگ kazılmış şey, oldPersian kandan كندن kazmak
Kündekâri:
from Persian kande kārī كنده كارى ağaç üstüne oyma işi Persian kanda كنده kazılmış, oyulmuş (from persian kandan كندن kazmak, oymak ) + Persian kārī كارى işçilik
→ hendek, kâr
(Pictured) A barricade on Rue Voltaire, after its capture by the regular army during the Bloody Week "La semaine sanglante".The Commune[3] adopted the discarded French Republican Calendar during its brief existence and used the socialist red flag rather than the republican tricolor.| 18 March – 28 May 1871 [1] barricade (n.) 1640s, from barricade (v.). Earlier was barricado (1580s) with false Spanish ending (see -ado).
barricade (v.) 1590s, from Middle French barricader "to barricade" (1550s), from barrique "barrel," from Spanish barrica "barrel," from baril (see barrel). Revolutionary associations began during 1588 Huguenot riots in Paris, when large barrels filled with earth and stones were set up in the streets. Related: Barricaded; barricading.
[2] barrel (n.) c. 1300, from Old French baril (12c.) "barrel, cask, vat," with cognates in all Romance languages (such as Italian barile, Spanish barril), but origin uncertain; perhaps from Gaulish, perhaps somehow related to bar (n.1). Meaning "metal tube of a gun" is from 1640s. Barrel roll in aeronautics is from 1927.
barrel (v.) mid-15c., "to put in barrels," from barrel (n.). Meaning "to move quickly" is 1930, American English slang, perhaps suggestive of a rolling barrel. Related: Barreled; barreling.
[3] Commune (v.) c. 1300, "have dealings with," from Old French comuner "to make common, share" (10c., Modern French communier), from comun (see common (adj.)). Meaning "to talk intimately" is late 14c. Related: Communed; communing.
Commune (n.) 1792, from French commune "small territorial divisions set up after the Revolution," from Middle French commune "free city, group of citizens" (12c.), from Medieval Latin communia, noun use of neuter plural of Latin adjective communis, literally "that which is common," from communis (see common (adj.)). The Commune of Paris usurped the government during the Reign of Terror. The word later was applied to a government on communalistic principles set up in Paris in 1871. Adherents of the 1871 government were Communards.
Commune (n.) 1792, from French commune "small territorial divisions set up after the Revolution," from Middle French commune "free city, group of citizens" (12c.), from Medieval Latin communia, noun use of neuter plural of Latin adjective communis, literally "that which is common," from communis (see common (adj.)). The Commune of Paris usurped the government during the Reign of Terror. The word later was applied to a government on communalistic principles set up in Paris in 1871. Adherents of the 1871 government were Communards.