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Averaj: from Arabic ˁawār عوار hasar, kusur TR; Damage, fault EN;
Average EN[1]; "ortalama" TR [ Cumhuriyet - gazete, 1938]
Futbolun doğduğu memleket olan İngiltere'nin kullanmakta olduğu averaj şeklini
Aylak: oldTR [ Mukaddimetü'l-Edeb, 1300]; boşlağ ḳıldı anı, aylaḳ [işsiz, atıl] ḳodı anı; oldTR: aylanmak "dönmek, dolanmak" [ Mukaddimetü'l-Edeb, 1300]
aylanu uçdı kuş [dolanarak uçtu]. Hinting the circular motion of the bird.
Avare: [anon., Tezkiret-ül Evliya, 1341] buları maḳāmından āvāre kıldım from Persian āvāre آواره kayıp, evinden uzak düşmüş, aylak TR; lost, vagabond[2] EN, someone way from home.
Not to be mixed with: avarice[3]
[1] Average: late 15c., "financial loss incurred through damage to goods in transit," from French avarie "damage to ship," and Italian avaria; a word from 12c. Mediterranean maritime trade (compare Spanish averia; other Germanic forms, Dutch avarij, German haferei, etc., also are from Romanic languages), which is of uncertain origin. Sometimes traced to Arabic 'arwariya "damaged merchandise." Meaning shifted to "equal sharing of such loss by the interested parties." Transferred sense of "statement of a medial estimate" is first recorded 1735. The mathematical extension is from 1755.
From Arabic عوار ʿawār, a defect, or anything defective or damaged, including partially spoiled merchandise; plus عواري ʿawārī = "of or relating to ʿawār"; and عوارية ʿawārīa (slimly attested wordform), relating to a state of partial damage.[46] Within the Western languages the word's history begins in medieval sea-commerce on the Mediterranean. 12th century Genoa Latin avaria meant "damage, loss and unexpected expenses arising during a merchant sea voyage"; and the same meaning for avaria is in Provence in 1210, Barcelona in 1258 and Florence in the late 13th. 15th century French avarie had the same meaning, and it begot English "averay" (1491) and English "average" (1502) with the same meaning. Today, Italian avaria, Catalan avaria and French avarie still have the primary meaning of "damage".
The huge transformation of the meaning in English began with the practice in later medieval and early modern Western merchant marine law contracts under which if the ship met a bad storm and some of the goods had to be thrown overboard to make the ship lighter and safer, then all merchants whose goods were on the ship were to suffer proportionately (and not whoever's goods were thrown overboard); and more generally there was to be proportionate distribution of any avaria. From there the word was adopted by British insurers, creditors, and merchants for talking about their losses as being spread across their whole portfolio of assets and having a mean proportion.
Today's meaning developed out of that, and started in the mid 18th century, and started in English.
[2] Vagabond (noun) c.1400, earlier wagabund (in a criminal indictment from 1311); see vagabond (adj.). Despite the earliest use, in Middle English often merely "one who is without a settled home, a vagrant" but not necessarily in a bad sense. Notion of "idle, disreputable person" predominated from 17c. early 15c. (earlier vacabond, c.1400), from Old French vagabond, vacabond "wandering, unsteady" (14c.), from Late Latin vagabundus "wandering, strolling about," from Latin vagari "wander" (from vagus "wandering, undecided;" see vague) + gerundive suffix -bundus.
Vagary (noun) 1570s, "a wandering, a roaming journey," from Italian vagare or directly from Latin vagari "to wander, stroll about, roam, be unsettled, spread abroad," from vagus "roving, wandering" (see vague). The infinitive appears to have been adopted in English as a noun and conformed to nouns in -ary, "but this can hardly be explained except as an orig. university use" [Century Dictionary]. Current meaning of "eccentric notion or conduct" (1620s) is from notion of mental wandering. Related: Vagaries.
Vagrant (noun) mid-15c., "person who lacks regular employment, one without fixed abode, a tramp," probably from Anglo-French vageraunt, also wacrant, walcrant, which is said in many sources to be a noun use of the past participle of Old French walcrer "to wander," from Frankish (Germanic) *walken, from the same source as Old Norse valka "wander" and English walk (v.). Under this theory the word was influenced by Old French vagant, vagaunt "wandering," from Latin vagantem (nominative vagans), past participle of vagari "to wander, stroll about" (see vagary). But on another theory the Anglo-French word ultimately is from Old French vagant, with an intrusive -r-. Middle English also had vagaunt "wandering, without fixed abode" (late 14c.), from Old French vagant.
palliard (noun) Look up palliard at Dictionary.com late 15c., "vagabond or beggar" (who sleeps on straw in barns), from Middle French paillard, from Old French paillart "tramp, beggar, vagabond" (13c.), from paille "straw" (see pallet (n.1); also see -ard).
Truant (noun) Look up truant at Dictionary.com c.1200, "beggar, vagabond," from Old French truant "beggar, rogue" (12c.), as an adjective, "wretched, miserable, of low caste," from Gaulish *trougant- (compare Breton *truan, later truant "vagabond," Welsh truan "wretch," Gaelic truaghan "wretched"), of uncertain origin. Compare Spanish truhan "buffoon," from same source. Meaning "one who wanders from an appointed place," especially "a child who stays away from school without leave" is first attested mid-15c.
[3] Avarice (noun) c.1300, from Old French avarice "greed, covetousness" (12c.), from Latin avaritia "greed," from avarus "greedy," adjectival form of avere "crave, long for."
Averaj: from Arabic ˁawār عوار hasar, kusur TR; Damage, fault EN;
Average EN[1]; "ortalama" TR [ Cumhuriyet - gazete, 1938]
Futbolun doğduğu memleket olan İngiltere'nin kullanmakta olduğu averaj şeklini
Aylak: oldTR [ Mukaddimetü'l-Edeb, 1300]; boşlağ ḳıldı anı, aylaḳ [işsiz, atıl] ḳodı anı; oldTR: aylanmak "dönmek, dolanmak" [ Mukaddimetü'l-Edeb, 1300]
aylanu uçdı kuş [dolanarak uçtu]. Hinting the circular motion of the bird.
Avare: [anon., Tezkiret-ül Evliya, 1341] buları maḳāmından āvāre kıldım from Persian āvāre آواره kayıp, evinden uzak düşmüş, aylak TR; lost, vagabond[2] EN, someone way from home.
Not to be mixed with: avarice[3]
[1] Average: late 15c., "financial loss incurred through damage to goods in transit," from French avarie "damage to ship," and Italian avaria; a word from 12c. Mediterranean maritime trade (compare Spanish averia; other Germanic forms, Dutch avarij, German haferei, etc., also are from Romanic languages), which is of uncertain origin. Sometimes traced to Arabic 'arwariya "damaged merchandise." Meaning shifted to "equal sharing of such loss by the interested parties." Transferred sense of "statement of a medial estimate" is first recorded 1735. The mathematical extension is from 1755.
From Arabic عوار ʿawār, a defect, or anything defective or damaged, including partially spoiled merchandise; plus عواري ʿawārī = "of or relating to ʿawār"; and عوارية ʿawārīa (slimly attested wordform), relating to a state of partial damage.[46] Within the Western languages the word's history begins in medieval sea-commerce on the Mediterranean. 12th century Genoa Latin avaria meant "damage, loss and unexpected expenses arising during a merchant sea voyage"; and the same meaning for avaria is in Provence in 1210, Barcelona in 1258 and Florence in the late 13th. 15th century French avarie had the same meaning, and it begot English "averay" (1491) and English "average" (1502) with the same meaning. Today, Italian avaria, Catalan avaria and French avarie still have the primary meaning of "damage".
The huge transformation of the meaning in English began with the practice in later medieval and early modern Western merchant marine law contracts under which if the ship met a bad storm and some of the goods had to be thrown overboard to make the ship lighter and safer, then all merchants whose goods were on the ship were to suffer proportionately (and not whoever's goods were thrown overboard); and more generally there was to be proportionate distribution of any avaria. From there the word was adopted by British insurers, creditors, and merchants for talking about their losses as being spread across their whole portfolio of assets and having a mean proportion.
Today's meaning developed out of that, and started in the mid 18th century, and started in English.
[2] Vagabond (noun) c.1400, earlier wagabund (in a criminal indictment from 1311); see vagabond (adj.). Despite the earliest use, in Middle English often merely "one who is without a settled home, a vagrant" but not necessarily in a bad sense. Notion of "idle, disreputable person" predominated from 17c. early 15c. (earlier vacabond, c.1400), from Old French vagabond, vacabond "wandering, unsteady" (14c.), from Late Latin vagabundus "wandering, strolling about," from Latin vagari "wander" (from vagus "wandering, undecided;" see vague) + gerundive suffix -bundus.
Vagary (noun) 1570s, "a wandering, a roaming journey," from Italian vagare or directly from Latin vagari "to wander, stroll about, roam, be unsettled, spread abroad," from vagus "roving, wandering" (see vague). The infinitive appears to have been adopted in English as a noun and conformed to nouns in -ary, "but this can hardly be explained except as an orig. university use" [Century Dictionary]. Current meaning of "eccentric notion or conduct" (1620s) is from notion of mental wandering. Related: Vagaries.
Vagrant (noun) mid-15c., "person who lacks regular employment, one without fixed abode, a tramp," probably from Anglo-French vageraunt, also wacrant, walcrant, which is said in many sources to be a noun use of the past participle of Old French walcrer "to wander," from Frankish (Germanic) *walken, from the same source as Old Norse valka "wander" and English walk (v.). Under this theory the word was influenced by Old French vagant, vagaunt "wandering," from Latin vagantem (nominative vagans), past participle of vagari "to wander, stroll about" (see vagary). But on another theory the Anglo-French word ultimately is from Old French vagant, with an intrusive -r-. Middle English also had vagaunt "wandering, without fixed abode" (late 14c.), from Old French vagant.
palliard (noun) Look up palliard at Dictionary.com late 15c., "vagabond or beggar" (who sleeps on straw in barns), from Middle French paillard, from Old French paillart "tramp, beggar, vagabond" (13c.), from paille "straw" (see pallet (n.1); also see -ard).
Truant (noun) Look up truant at Dictionary.com c.1200, "beggar, vagabond," from Old French truant "beggar, rogue" (12c.), as an adjective, "wretched, miserable, of low caste," from Gaulish *trougant- (compare Breton *truan, later truant "vagabond," Welsh truan "wretch," Gaelic truaghan "wretched"), of uncertain origin. Compare Spanish truhan "buffoon," from same source. Meaning "one who wanders from an appointed place," especially "a child who stays away from school without leave" is first attested mid-15c.
[3] Avarice (noun) c.1300, from Old French avarice "greed, covetousness" (12c.), from Latin avaritia "greed," from avarus "greedy," adjectival form of avere "crave, long for."