It is We Who created you and gave you shape; then We bade the angels prostrate to Adam, and they prostrate; not so Iblis; He refused to be of those who prostrate.
(Allah) said: "What prevented thee from prostrating when I commanded thee?" He said: "I am better than he: Thou didst create me from fire, and him from clay."
cadı/ cadu: witch, sorcerer EN [1] [ Aşık Paşa, Garib-name, 1330] from Persian cādū جادو a.a. oldPersian cādūk a.a. = Avesta yātu- cadı, büyücü = Sanskrit yātú यातु 1. yolcu;passanger ,traveller EN 2. büyücü, bir tür kötü ruh, cin; withch, evil spirit EN.
cadaloz: "cadıya benzer kadın" [ Ahmet Vefik Paşa, Lugat-ı Osmani, 1876] from Turkish cadı +oz
büyü: spell EN; OldTurkish: bögü "sihirbaz, büyücü, bilgin, bilge " [ Uygurca metinler, 1000] KTü: büğü "a.a." [ Codex Cumanicus, 1300]; Tartar Turkish: büğü "sihir, büyü" [ Filippo Argenti, Regola del Parlare Turco, 1533]
şeytan: devil [2] jinn/djinn [3] demon [4][ Borovkov ed., Tefsir, 1300]
from Arabic şayṭān شيطان [#şyṭ faˁlān msd.] a.a. from Hebrewşāṭān שטן düşman, şeytan Hebrew #şṭn שטנ düşman olma, savaşma, to become enemy, adversary.
iblis: [ Aşık Paşa, Garib-name, 1330] devil EN[2] from Arabic iblīs إبليس şeytan from OldGreek diábolos διάβολος iftiracı, şeytan from OldGreek diabállō διαβάλλω iftira etmek, yanıltmak from OldGreek dia+bállō, bol- βάλλω, βολ- atmak
albız: devil EN[2] "iblis, şeytan" [ Edirneli Nazmi, Divan-ı Türki-yi Basit, 1555]
from Arabic iblīs إبليس a.a.
ifrit: devil EN[2] [ Aşık Paşa, Garib-name, 1330] yir içinden hem çıkar ˁifrit yılan. from Arabic ˁifrit عفرت bir tür zararlı cin oldPersian āfrīta yaratık, mahluk oldPersian āfrītan yaratmak
cin: jinn/djinn [3] from Arabic cinn جنّ 1. gece karanlığı; darkness of night EN, 2. bir tür görünmez varlık ; invisible creature EN from Arabic cunūn جنون [fuˁūl msd.] gizleme; to hide EN, saklama, örtme; cover EN (Aramaic genyā גניא cin, görünmez varlık from Arabic am #gny גני gizlem; mystery EN.
"Amine Discovered with the Goule", from the story of Sidi Nouman, of the One Thousand and One Nights.
"Amine Discovered with the Goule", from the story of Sidi Nouman, of the One Thousand and One Nights.
hortla|mak: ghost, ghoul [5], phantom[6] EN. TTü: hortlamak "burnundan hırıltı çıkarmak" [ Danişmend-Name, 1360] nasal grumbling sound EN; TTü: hortlamak "mezardan geri gelmek" [ Ahmet Vefik Paşa, Lugat-ı Osmani, 1876] from Turkish hort horlama sesi, aniden çıkma sesi +lA-
[1] witch (n.) Old English wicce "female magician, sorceress," in later use especially "a woman supposed to have dealings with the devil or evil spirits and to be able by their cooperation to perform supernatural acts," fem. of Old English wicca "sorcerer, wizard, man who practices witchcraft or magic," from verb wiccian "to practice witchcraft" (Low German wikken, wicken "to use witchcraft," wikker, wicker "soothsayer").
Of uncertain origin; Old English wigle "divination," and wig, wih "idol." Proto-Germanic *wikkjaz "necromancer" (one who wakes the dead), from PIE *weg-yo-, from *weg- (2) "to be strong, be lively" .
sorcerer (n.) early 15c., from earlier sorcer (late 14c.), from Old French sorcier, from Medieval Latin sortarius "teller of fortunes by lot; sorcerer" (also source of Spanish sortero, Italian sortiere-; see sorcery). With superfluous -er, as in poulterer, upholsterer. Sorcerer's apprentice translates l'apprenti sorcier, title of a symphonic poem by Paul Dukas (1897) based on a Goethe ballad ("Der Zauberlehrling," 1797), but the common figurative use of the term (1952) comes after Disney's "Fantasia" (1940).
sorcery: (n.) c.1300, from Old French sorcerie, from sorcier "sorcerer, wizard," from Medieval Latin sortiarius "teller of fortunes by lot; sorcerer," literally "one who influences fate or fortune," from Latin sors (genitive sortis) "lot, fate, fortune" (see sort (n.)).
[2] devil (n.) Old English deofol "evil spirit, a devil, the devil, false god, diabolical person," from Late Latin diabolus (also the source of Italian diavolo, French diable, Spanish diablo; German Teufel is Old High German tiufal, from Latin via Gothic diabaulus).
The Late Latin word is from Ecclesiastical Greek diabolos, in Jewish and Christian use, "Devil, Satan" (scriptural loan-translation of Hebrew satan), in general use "accuser, slanderer," from diaballein "to slander, attack," literally "throw across," from dia- "across, through" + ballein "to throw" (see ballistics). Jerome re-introduced Satan in Latin bibles, and English translators have used both in different measures.
In Vulgate, as in Greek, diabolus and dæmon (see demon) were distinct, but they have merged in English and other Germanic languages.
[3] Jinn or djinn (n.) 1680s, djen, from Arabic jinn, collective plural, "demons, spirits, angels." The proper singular is jinni. (singular: jinnī, djinni, or genie; Arabic: الجن al-jinn, singular الجني al-jinnī) are supernatural creatures in Islamic mythology as well as pre-Islamic Arabian mythology. Jinn is a noun of the collective number in Persian literally meaning "hidden from sight", and it derives from the Arabic root j-n-n (pronounced: jann/ junn جَنّ / جُنّ) meaning "to hide" or "be hidden". Other words derived from this root are majnūn 'mad' (literally, 'one whose intellect is hidden'), junūn 'madness', and janīn 'embryo, fetus' ('hidden inside the womb').
The shaytan jinn are the analogue of demons in Christian tradition, but the jinn are not angels and the Quran draws a clear distinction between the two creations. The Quran states in surat Al-Kahf (The Cave), Ayah 50,[3] that Iblis (Azazel) is one of the jinn. The name Azazel (Arabic: عزازيل ‘Azāzīl) is mentioned in hadith to be the original name of Iblis. Iblis was the Jinni who worshiped Allah (God) from amongst the ranks of the angels.
The word genie in English is derived from Latin genius, meaning a sort of tutelary or guardian spirit thought to be assigned to each person at birth. English borrowed the French descendant of this word, génie; its earliest written attestation in English, in 1655, is a plural spelled "genyes". The French translators of The Book of One Thousand and One Nights used génie as a translation of jinnī because it was similar to the Arabic word in sound and in meaning.
In Islam, the Devil is known as Iblīs (Arabic: إبليس, plural: ابالسة abālisah) or Shayṭān (Arabic: شيطان, plural: شياطين shayāṭīn), born under the name Azazel. In Islam, Iblis is a jinni who refused to bow to Adam.
[4] demon (n.) c.1200, from Latin daemon "spirit," from Greek daimon "deity, divine power; lesser god; guiding spirit, tutelary deity" (sometimes including souls of the dead); "one's genius, lot, or fortune;" from PIE *dai-mon- "divider, provider" (of fortunes or destinies), from root *da- "to divide".
Used (with daimonion) in Christian Greek translations and Vulgate for "god of the heathen" and "unclean spirit." Jewish authors earlier had employed the Greek word in this sense, using it to render shedim "lords, idols" in the Septuagint, and Matt. viii:31 has daimones, translated as deofol in Old English, feend or deuil in Middle English. Another Old English word for this was hellcniht, literally "hell-knight."
The surviving Old English senses, however, are in Christian writing, where it is used to render Latin spiritus (see spirit (n.)), a sense preserved in Holy Ghost. Modern sense of "disembodied spirit of a dead person" is attested from late 14c. and returns the word toward its ancient sense. pictured Most Indo-European words for "soul, spirit" also double with reference to supernatural spirits. Many have a base sense of "appearance" (such as Greek phantasma; French spectre; Polish widmo, from Old Church Slavonic videti "to see;" Old English scin, Old High German giskin, originally "appearance, apparition," related to Old English scinan, Old High German skinan "to shine"). Other concepts are in French revenant, literally "returning" (from the other world), Old Norse aptr-ganga, literally "back-comer." Breton bugelnoz is literally "night-child."
pictured"Amine Discovered with the Goule", from the story of Sidi Nouman, of the One Thousand and One Nights.
ghoul: is from the Arabic الغول al-ghūl, from ghala "to seize".[3] The term is etymologically related to Gallu, a Mesopotamian demon. A ghoul is a folkloric monster or evil spirit associated with graveyards and consuming human flesh, often classified as undead. The oldest surviving literature that mention ghouls is likely One Thousand and One Nights. The term was first used in English literature in 1786, in Willia Beckford's Orientalist novel Vathek, which describes the ghūl of Arabian folklore.