Mavi Boncuk |
Kereste: i. (Fars. kerāste’den) ; timber, lumber EN [1]
1. Tomrukların cins ve kalitelerine göre belli ölçülerde
boylamasına biçilmesinden elde edilen, marangozluk ve inşaat malzemesi olarak
kullanılan odun: Yeni evden on sekiz lira kereste hesâbı varmış (Yusuf Z.
Ortaç). Sümerler, Amanoslar’dan Mezopotamya’ya kereste taşırlardı (Refik H.
Karay). Ovaya kereste indiren arabalardan / Ses gelir inceden ince (Orhan V.
Kanık).
2. Her çeşit îmâlâtta, özellikle ayakkabıcılıkta kullanılan
malzeme: Bu kunduracı usta ise de iyi kereste kullanmıyor (Şemseddin Sâmi).
3. argo. İri yapılı, kaba kimse [Aşağılama sözü olarak da kullanılır]: Çay o biçim mi dedi Haydar (…) sesli sesli bir yudum aldı, yuuu kereste dedi Metin (Muzaffer Buyrukçu’dan).
Keresteci: i. Kereste satan kimse.Kerestecilik:i. Kereste satma, kereste ticâreti yapma işi.
Keresteli: sıf. İri yapılı (kimse).
Kerestelik: sıf. Kereste imalatına veya kereste olarak kullanmaya elverişli: Budama, kerestelik ve kaplamalık tomrukların kalitesini artırmada önemli bir tedbirdir (Dilek Doğu).
Kalas: timber, plank EN[2] i. (XX. yüzyıl başlarında Romanya’dan ithal edilen Galati [Romanya’da bir şehir] kerestesi’nden) 1. Biçilmiş yapı kerestesi: Ben bir duvar dibinde kalasların üstüne oturdum (Peyâmi Safâ). 2. mec. Kaba saba adam.
Kalastra: i. (İtal. calastra) [3]1. Gemilerde güverteye alınan filikaları oturtmak için kalın kütükten yapılmış yuvalara verilen isim. 2. Sâhile çekilen teknelerin yanlarına konulan dayak.
Tomruk: log EN[4](Eski Türk. tomur-mak “(ağacı) yuvarlak biçimde kesmek”ten tomur-uk) [Kelime Bulgarca ve Sırpça’ya da geçmiştir]
1. Kesilmiş bir ağacın silindir şeklindeki gövdesi, kerestelik kütük: Sandalları karşı Boğazhisar’a gönderip gemi yağlamak için otuzar tomruk çıra alırlar (Kâtip Çelebi’den Seç.).
2. Hamam ve fırınlarda yakılan kalın odun, kütük.
3. İşlenecek veya biçilecek taş kütlesi: “Mermer tomruğu.”
4. Ağaçta beliren, kendisinden filiz çıkacak düğme.
5. Henüz açılmamış gonca, tomurcuk.
[1] timber (n.) Old English timber "building, structure," in late Old English "building material, trees suitable for building," and "trees or woods in general," from Proto-Germanic *tem(b)ra- (source also of Old Saxon timbar "a building, room," Old Frisian timber "wood, building," Old High German zimbar "timber, wooden dwelling, room," Old Norse timbr "timber," German Zimmer "room"), from PIE *deme- "to build," possibly a form of the root *dem- meaning "house, household" (source of Greek domos, Latin domus).
The related Old English verb timbran, timbrian was the chief word for "to build" (compare Dutch timmeren, German zimmern). As a call of warning when a cut tree is about to fall, it is attested from 1912 in Canadian English. Timbers in the nautical slang sense (see shiver (v.2)) is from the specialized meaning "pieces of wood composing the frames of a ship's hull" (1748).
The timber-wolf (1846) of the U.S. West is the gray wolf, not confined to forests but so-called to distinguish it from the prairie-wolf (coyote).
lumber (n.) "timber sawn into rough planks for use," 1660s, American English (Massachusetts), earlier "disused bit of furniture; heavy, useless objects" (1550s), of uncertain origin. It is said to be probably from lumber (v.1) on the notion of "awkward to move," and perhaps to have been influenced by or associated with Lombard (q.v.), the Italian immigrant class famous as pawnbrokers (and money-lenders) in old England. Lumbar and Lumbard were old alternative forms of Lombard in English.
The evolution of sense then would be because a lumber-house ("pawn shop; place where thieves stash stolen property") naturally accumulates odds and ends of furniture. The 19th century guess was that it comes directly from lumber-house or lumber-room in the pawn shop sense, but these are not attested before lumber (n.). Lumber camp is from 1839; lumber-mill is from 1830; lumber-yard is from 1777.
[3] a wooden beam or stage that supports the barrels. Calastra is also a wooden or iron support for rescue boats.
[4] log unshaped large piece of tree, early 14c., of unknown origin. Old Norse had lag "felled tree" (from stem of liggja "to lie," hence "a tree that lies prostrate"), but many etymologists deny on phonological grounds that this can be the root of English log. Instead, they suggest an independent formation meant to "express the notion of something massive by a word of appropriate sound" [OED, which compares clog (n.) in its original Middle English sense "lump of wood"].
Log cabin (1770) was the typical dwelling of the poor in antebellum U.S. history in the well-timbered region that was then the West. It has been a figure of the honest pioneer since the 1840 presidential campaign of William Henry Harrison (the original application was derisive and either way it was inaccurate). Falling off a log as a type of something easy to do is from 1839.